Women’s suffrage, often known as woman suffrage, is the legal right of women to vote in national or municipal elections. Women were barred from voting in ancient Greece and republican Rome and Europe’s limited democracies at the end of the 18th century. When the franchise was extended, as it did in the United Kingdom in 1832, women were still denied voting. The subject of women’s voting rights became an issue in the nineteenth century, and the battle was especially fierce in Great Britain and the United States. However, those nations did not have that first to give women the right to vote, not on a national level. Ladies won the freedom to vote in federal elections in New Zealand (1893), Australia (1902), Finland (1906), and Norway during the early twentieth century (1913). They held voting rights in several local elections in Sweden and the United States. World War I and its aftermath hastened the enfranchisement of women in Europe and abroad. Between 1914 and 1939, women in 28 more nations gained equal voting rights with males or the right to choose in national polls. France, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, and China joined the alliance immediately after WWII. In India, the constitution established full suffrage for women in 1949; in Pakistan, women gained full voting rights in national elections in 1956. In another decade, the total number of nations that had granted women the right to vote surpassed 100, owing in part to the fact that virtually all countries that won independence following World War II included equal voting rights for men and women in their constitutions. Switzerland had enabled women to vote in federal and most cantonal elections by 1971, while Syria had granted women full voting rights in 1973. The 1952 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Woman states that “women must have the right to vote in all elections on equal terms with men, without any discrimination.”
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